Charles batesons the convict ships 17871868 is the definitive guide to convict transportation to australia. The conditions aboard the convicts ships were gloomy, dank and unsanitary, and disease would take the heaviest toll of convicts, primary among these were scurvy, dysentery, typhoid fever and smallpox. The second fleet was an unprecedented disaster that provided little in the way of help and upon its delivery in june 1790 of still more sick and dying convicts, which actually worsened the situation in port jackson. New south wales and tasmania, australia convict musters. This state library of south australia guide will assist you to locate worldwide resources for researching your convict ancestors. Only 48 people died in the first group of ships, but this time 278 died during the voyage. They were the royal navy storeship hms guardian, a fifth rate frigate of 879 tons, the privately chartered transports lady juliana, neptune, scarborough her second voyage, surprize and the storeship justinian. The disaster of the second fleet 1789 intriguing history. First fleet convicts register the first fleet register.
On the 26 th january 1788, captain arthur phillip landed in sydney cove, and raised the british flag for the first time in australia. The second fleet was a convoy of six ships carrying settlers, convicts and supplies to sydney cove, australia in 1789. Ships of the second fleet lady julianna departed 29 july 1789 arrived 3 june 1790. More convict fleets continued to arrive in australia over the next few years and were sent to work in the penal colony in new south. This database contains australian convict transportation registers for the third fleet of ships. The women disembarked in comparative good health to those who followed. Founders and survivors details of the 73,000 men, women and children transported to tasmania. The second fleet arrived in nsw with a mortality rate of 40%. This is only a small collection of publications that are available on convicts. Darcy wentworth barely escaped conviction, and was forced to embark for australia in 1790 aboard the neptune, one of the three ships of the notorious second fleet, in which just under a third of the voyagers died during the journey 3. Second fleet australia simple english wikipedia, the free. Hereunder our readers will find the names of convicts who were to have sailed. This database contains australian convict transportation registers for the second fleet of ships.
With him were 751 convicts, or criminals, who were coming to australia as punishment for the crimes they had committed in britain. You can find details for over 123 000 of the estimated 160,000 convicts transported to australia in the 18th and 19th centuries names, term of years, transport ships and more. It would be many months before relatives and friends back home would hear of the fate of the convicts on the second fleet which had the highest mortality rate in the history of transportation. This website allows you to search the british convict transportation register for convicts transported to australia between 17871867.
One of the intriguing conumdrums put to us recently was to ascertain what might have happened to a convict transported in the second fleet to new south wales. National archives of ireland transportation records database. The ships departed with an estimated 775 convicts 582 men and 193 women, as well as officers, marines, their wives and children, and provisions and agricultural implements. The second fleet that took convicts from the shores of britain in 178990 was a disaster. These include prisoners sent to new south wales, van diemen. William bland arrived as a convict in 1814 and was pardoned a year later. It took such a leisurely route that although it left months before the other ships, it arrived only a couple of weeks before them. Information available includes name of convict, known aliases, place convicted, port of departure, date of departure, port of arrival, and the source of the data. About australian convict transportation registers second fleet, 17891790 the second fleet consisted of six ships.
Cathy dunn hi list, does any kind soul know if there is such a thing as a list of the 194 convicts sent to ni soon after arrival. She and matthew were very industrious and worked hard at various farms they were granted or. This section contains a searchable database of 780 first fleet convicts. New south wales, australia, convict indents, 17881842. Australian convict transportation registers first fleet. First, second and third fleet lists of all convict arrivals. The first fleet first fleet was the 11 ships that departed from portsmouth, england, on may 1787 to found the penal colony that became the first european settlement in australia. Use finding aids like bound for australia by david hawkins to learn about essential records for tracing a convict s life from beginning to end. Australian convict transportation registers third fleet.
They were the royal navy storeship hms guardian, a fifth rate frigate of 879 tons, the privately chartered transports lady juliana, neptune, scarborough her second. A similar list for the second fleet, which left in 1789 and suffered 278 deaths during its voyage, is included in the second fleet convicts, compiled and edited by r j ryan. Convicts on the 26 th january 1788, captain arthur phillip landed in sydney cove, and raised the british flag for the first time in australia. The result is an alphabetical list of all the convicts on board the ship lady penrhyn. Australian convict transportation registers second fleet. It is only really a short book, but has a short biography of the people who were on board the vessels. Despite of, or perhaps because of, the fact that so many of the convicts were sentenced in london, there were two small groups of convicts who were different from the majority. Australia convict records genealogy familysearch wiki. It followed the first fleet which established european settlement in australia in the previous year the second fleet has achieved a historical notoriety for the poor conditions aboard the vessels, and for cruelty and mistreatment of its convicts. First fleet first fleet convicts biographical information. It was the first femaleonly transport to arrive in australia and the first ship to arrive after the first fleet.
The memorandoms by james martin convict provide a contemporary account of the events as seen by a convict on the first fleet. Names of convicts on the second fleet waltzing more than. From convicts to founding fathersthree notable sydney doctors. Australian convict transportation registers second fleet, 1789. Britains grim convict armada of 1790, library of australian history, sydney, 1993, foreword vvi. The vessel was later referred to as the hell ship neptune.
First fleet online contains a searchable database of those in this fleet. The microfiche index to the new south wales convict indents and ships, compiled by the genealogical society of victoria, can be consulted in our reading rooms. Over 60% of the first fleet and second fleet went to norfolk island there is no such complete list published online they are in our ni database off line there are much resources at. She was transported on the neptune, in the second fleet. For nearly half of the convicts in the second fleet, death could not so easily be escaped. First fleet convicts australian history research part 2. If you want to browse all the records just select gender f, and in a second search. Master thomas edgar, 35 crew, 226 female convicts boarded 222 arrived guardian departed 12 september 1789, was disabled en route. Jan 25, 2016 the six ships of the second fleet sailed from england in 1789 1790 for new south wales. Convicts, naval personnel and free settlers on the second fleet. Handbooks and guides edit edit source indexes and records of convicts are available in a variety of formats including microfiche, microfilm, book and cd. Convict ship surprize 1790 find out more about convicts. Transportation as a punishment for convicted criminals in england and other parts of the british empire came about in the seventeenth century. Second fleet australia simple english wikipedia, the.
Poverty and crime in england cities in england during the mid1700s were overcrowded. It lists all the convict ships along with departure and arrivals dates. Convict ship neptune 1790 find out more about convicts. The conditions are terrible, my eyes are blinding because all i see is filthy food that looks like dirt and insects. The passengers consisted of convicts, military personnel and notable people sent to fill high positions in the colony. Ann had reportedly accompanied her first husband john smith during the american war, that is the american revolutionary war. Lady juliana 1790 convict ship second fleet england. Their existence shows that from the first australia was a multicultural society. The second fleet is the name of the second fleet of ships sent with settlers. The first fleet is the name given to the group of eleven ships carrying convicts, the first to do so, that left england in may 1787 and arrived in australia in january 1788.
A second fleet of six ships left england guardian, justinian, lady juliana. Australian convict transportation registers other fleets. New south wales australian convict records libguides at. It also, howso ever, gives the names of convicts who, for various reasons of death.
Australian convict transportation registers third fleet, 1791. Australian convict transportation registers second fleet, 17891790. A second fleet of six ships left england guardian, justinian, lady juliana, surprize, neptune, scarborough. The second fleet convict transport lady juliana, brought over 200 women to the new colony of new south wales. Irish state prisoners, convicts who were tried in ireland, convicts who. The third fleet consisted of 11 ships which set sail from united kingdom in february, march and april 1791 bound for the sydney penal settlement, with over 2000 convicts. Passenger list for the second fleet guardian, justinian, lady juliana, surprize, neptune, scarborough. The guardian struck ice, and was unable to complete the voyage.
Descendants of those who arrived with the first fleet in 1788 with captain arthur phillip. Quite soon after arriving in the colony, elizabeth married matthew james everingham convict. The fleet consisted of two royal navy royal navy vessels, three store ships and six convict transports, carrying between 1,000 and 1,500 convicts, marines, seamen, civil officers and free people accounts differ on. Second fleet ships and passengers anu school of history. The first fleet 178788 arrived in nsw with a mortality rate of 5. A norwegian delegation of military officers, led by rear adm. Sep 11, 2019 the second fleet consisted of six ships four transport ships and two storeships arrived in sydney cove in 1790. Convicts, naval personnel and free settlers on the third.
The ships were meant to sail to australia together, and get to sydney cove in 1789. Second fleet convicts not yet assigned to their ships. Elizabeth travelled on the ship lady penrhyn, john travelled on the friendship. Britains grim convict armada of 1790, library of australian history, sney, 1993, foreword vvi. This database contains details of irish convicts who were transported to new south wales in the period 1788 1849. The first fleet was the 11 ships that departed from portsmouth, england, on may 1787 to found the penal colony that became the first european settlement in australia. The guardian sailed from england on september 12, 1789 but struck and iceberg off the cost of south africa and never made it to australia. On the neptune one hundred and seventyeight men and eleven women died on the passage out. Its no surprise the second fleet was known as the death fleet and that neptune is known as the hell ship. The lady juliana sailed from england on june 29, 1789 carrying 226 female convicts and landed in australia on june 3, 1790. The first fleet of ships carrying convicts to australia arrived first in tasmania.
The fleet goes by another name in history and that is the death fleet. In the video on the first fleet we were introduced to two convicts. The six ships of the second fleet sailed from england in 1789 1790 for new south wales. The second fleet arrived in sydney in june 1790, and proved something of a disaster. The first fleet is the name given to the first group of eleven ships that carried convicts from england to australia in 1788. Convicts of the first fleet where did they come from.
Sep 11, 2019 the number of convicts transported in the first fleet is unclear. Who do you think you are, the sbs family history series, aired a program on may 1st. New south wales exiles history second fleet, 17891790 prisoners new south wales history the second fleet convicts. Convict transportation registers database 17871867 database has been compiled from the british home office ho records.
Now im a convict on the second fleet called lady juliana. Worth picking up to read so you can learn more about the high death rates on the second fleet and why it happened. Australian convict transportation registers second fleet, 17891790 this database contains australian convict transportation registers for the second fleet of ships. Marine ralph clark wrote of his joy at seeing the familiar face of surprizes master anstis, a little after sun set i got on board of her and found her to be the surprize of london, captain anstis from port jackson and convicts for this island and that the other ship which was but just in sight from the mast head of the surprize was the. The colony founded by the first fleet was already struggling and in the grip of starvation, and the second fleet was sent partly to aid them with further supplies. The second fleet was a term later applied to the second wave of british convict transports and storeships sent to the newly established colony of new south wales in 178990, about two years after the departure of the first fleet in 1787.
The second fleet is the name of the second group of ships sent with settlers, convicts and supplies to colony at sydney cove in port jackson, australia. A collection of genealogical profiles related to lady juliana 1790 convict ship second fleet england to nsw, australia. The second fleet has achieved a historical notoriety for the poor conditions aboard the vessels, and for cruelty and mistreatment of its convicts. An advanced search enables the convict data to be queried about age, gender. Three of the transport ships carried mostly male convicts and the other transport ship, the lady juliana, only carried women. The fleet consisted of two royal navy vessels, three store ships and six convict transports, carrying between 1,000 and 1,500 convicts, marines, seamen, civil officers and free people accounts differ on the numbers, and a. The lady juliana sailed from england on june 29, 1789 carrying 226 female convicts and landed in australia on june 3, 1790 the guardian sailed from england on september 12, 1789 but struck and iceberg off the cost of south africa and never made it to australia. A collection of genealogical profiles related to convicts, naval personnel and free settlers on the third fleet, australia, 1791. Convicts, naval personnel and free settlers on the third fleet, australia, 1791. British convict transportation registers database state library of queensland over 123,000 out of the estimated 160,000 convicts transported to australia are recorded in this database.
Of the 1006 convicts transported aboard the fleet, one quarter died during the voyage and around 40 per cent were dead within six months of arrival in australia. The newspaper report states that 194 male convicts and 4 female convicts died during the voyage, and that though conditions on board ship werent as. Second fleet voyage to australia kezia brown was born in severn stock, worcester, in 1771, the daughter of aaron and mary brown nee farley. Guide to convict records in australia ancestry support. You can alter the order by returning to the main search screen called the database screen and use the drop down menu in the centre bottom of the screen to say change sort results from family name to given name. I hope your well because i have been transported to van diemens land. Ann smith i is one of st johns first fleeters and, according to her death notice the first english woman who landed here. Wiki page on second fleet, australia, 1790 1790 in sydney, australia. Australian convict transportation registers second fleet, 17891790 database online. The second fleet first fleet fellowship victoria inc.
The third fleet of 11 ships atlantic, william and ann, britannia, matilda, salamander, albemarle, mary anne, admiral barrington, active and gorgon arrived in 1791, with over 2000 convicts. Reference flannery, t 1999, the birth of sydney, text publishing, melbourne. The names of convicts transported with the first fleet, which sailed in may 1787. The first ship to arrive was the lady juliana, which contained female convicts. The despatch of the first fleet had done little to alleviate the problem of overcrowding in britains gaols and hulks. Backhouse, edward, a chain gang, convicts going to work near sidney i.